Terminology

Camera

Camera Shots
Close Up - Is used to direct our attention on something in particular. Often a facial expression, as close ups emphasize a characters emotions. A close up could also is a significant clue to a development in the plot or prop.(close up of a knife could mean it being used to  kill someone).
Mid Shot - Allows us to see a person from the waist up, mostly used so we can see the dialogue between to characters. Mid shots also give us information about the setting, but not so much is distracts us from the conversation/action.
Long Shot - Shows us the whole of a character, thus drawings our attention to a persons costume and body language. A long shot may be needed to offer perspective. For example in The Day After Tomorrow, we see a long shot to see the wave approaching the library. Long shots are also used so we see the setting as it might be important in that moment.
Establishing Shot - This shot illustrates a location. For example there would be a wide angel of the school to represent that the next scene will be at/based at the school.
Extreme Close Up - Focuses the audiences attention on even smaller detail, these shots are used for artistic shots. Extreme close up also give a sense of discomfort so they can be used to really get the audience close to the action.

Angles
High/Low Angle-A high angle shot is when the camera is placed higher than the subject and so we are looking down on them. A low angle shot is the opposite.If you are placed higher up than a character, you feel as if you have more power and the character is more vulnerable. We are placed stronger than them, if the camera is at a low angle the character looks bigger and making them look more important and powerful.
Low Angle - Taken from below the object to make it look bigger and more powerful.
Eye Level- A neutral shot, the camera is positioned as thought it is a human actually observing a scene, so that e.g. actors' heads are on a level with the focus.
Birds eye view-This shows a scene from directly overhead, a very unnatural and strange angle. This shot does, however, put the audience in a godlike position, looking down on the action.

Worms eye view- A worm's-eye view is a view of an object from below, as though the observer were a worm; the opposite of a bird's-eye view. Whereas a birds eye view gives the audience godlike power the worm eye

view is reverse, weak.
Over the Shoulder- This shot is framed from behind a person who is looking at the subject. The person facing the subject should usually occupy about 1/3 of the frame.This shot helps to establish the position of each person, and get the feel of looking at one person from the other's point of view.It's common to cut between these shots during a conversation, alternating the view between the different speakers.
Point of View-This shot shows a view from the subject's perspective. It is usually edited in such a way that it is obvious whose POV it is.
Canted/Oblique - Sometimes the camera is tilted to suggest imbalance, transition and instability.

Movement
Zoom - A change in the lens focal length with gives the illusion of moving the camera closer or further away.
Pan - Horizontal movement, left and right.
Track - Follows the scene from a set position and distance.
Dolly - Follows the scene freely through the use of a cart or trolley.
Steadicam - A stabilizing mount to place a camera on. Helps keep the film steady.
Crane - A shot taken by a camera placed on a crane.
Wire-Cam - A camera which films a massive event by fly past it from a suspended wire above the stadium.
Heli-Cam - Films a scene from a camera.
Static - A still shot which doesn't move and is fixed on a certain person/object.

Depth of Field
Shallow Focus - A shot which incorporates a small depth of field. Focuses on one object.

Deep Focus - A shot which incorporates a larger depth of field. It gives focus to the entire image.

  Symmetrical Shot
A shot which has the person/object in the middle of the shot, with his surroundings on one side absolutely the same as the other.

Rule of Thirds
A concept in which video and film are separated into nine imaginary sections, with the best shots normally being situated along the four corners of the central section.

Mis-en-scene
Mis-en-scene is everything and anything which is included in the scene. This includes the following things:

• Setting
• Body language
• Facial Expressions
• Hair & Make Up
• Costume
• Colour & Lighting - high key lighting (bright) / low key lighting (dark).

Sound
Sound comes into two different categories:

Diegetic - Sound from within the filming world, examples being; music playing from the radio, dialogue (words used, tone of voice) and other natural sounds.
Non-Diegetic - Sound which is added on to the filming world, examples being; soundtracks used from the clip and narration.

Editing
Screen Editing? Who is in the scene the longest and why? What does this tell us about their character?

Matching-Graphic matching, some geometric shape, create artistic look/feel/effect. Also scenes use the circle, usually in the begining. (e.g.  record player, school alarm, guy drinking coffe. All use circles).

Graphic Matching - from one geo-metric shape to another.

Eye-line Match - from someone's face to what their looking at.

Match-on Action - cuts from the action moment to a different angle.

Shot, Reverse Shot - shots back and forth between two characters.

Techniques

Slow Motion

Flashbacks

Change of colour

Montage - a long period of time condensed into a short video

Continuity Editing

Parallel Editing

Transition
How you switch from one slide to another.
-Cut (main)
-Fade in/out (black and white, end of scene)
-Dissolve
-Jump cut

Pace
Quick pace of cuts - dramatic action.
Slow pace of cuts - allow the audience to be absordbed into the drama.
(e.g. in the opening scene, editing is used for quick pace cuts to influence the dramatic action, this also allows the audience to not be as absorbed into the drama then a slow pace.

Semiotics (Semiology)
Semiology is the study of signs. There are two parts of a sign;
1. Signifier - what the sign is (denotation)
2. Signified - what the sign suggests (connotation)
Signs are culturally learnt. There are three types of signs:
1. Iconic - looks like what it means, but means a bit more. (A crown may be headwear, but can also mean royalty, power and wealth.)
2. Indexical - something which indicates something else. (Saying thank you in an aggresive tone may suggest that you are angry.)
3. Symbolic - it has an arbitrary meaning, something which is learnt. (Baby boys wearing blue and baby girls wearing pink.)

Randoms
Screen Time - Indicate whos is privalidged in the clip.

Virtual Easter egg -is an intentional hidden message, in-joke, or feature in a work such as a computer program, web page, video game, television program, movie, book, or crossword.
Juxtaposes - contrast
Chekhov's Gun - Atechnique where a previous object has great significance later in the drama.
Composition-where objects are placed in the shot.